20160127-VMware-VSOS-Day 3

20160127-VMware-VSOS-Day 3

Lesson 3: Troubleshooting Network Performance Problems

Dropped Receive Packets

• Cause
• High CPU utilization
• Improper guest operation system driver configuration

Dropped Transmit Packets

• Cause
• Traffic exceeds the physical capabilities of the uplink NICs or the networking infrastructure.

Module 7 Storage Scalability

Lesson 1: Storage APIs and Virtual Machine Storage Policies

VMFS-3

• Block size / Volume size
• 1MB / 256GB
• 2MB / 512GB
• 4MB / 1TB
• 8MB / 2TB
• 單檔 2TB

VMFS-5

• Block size / Volume size
• 1MB / 64TB
• ESXi 5.0 / 5.1 單檔 2TB
• ESXi 5.5 / 6.0 單檔 62TB

SCSI Reservations

• 當ESXi 作5項工作時, 會短暫 Lock file system
• Creating or deleting a virtual disk
• Increasing the size of a VMFS volume
• Creating or deleting a snapshots
• Increasing the size of a VMDK file
• 支援VAAI 的儲存設備不受此限制

Virtual Disk Types

• Eager-zeroed thick
• 建立時直接佔滿所需空間
• Quorum drive in an MSCS cluster, Fault Tolerance
• Lazy-zeroed thick
• 建立時直接佔滿所需空間
• Good for most cases.
• Thin
• 建立時檔案很小, 寫入資料後會變大
• Disk space utilization is the main concern.

About vSphere Storage APIs - Array Integration

VAAI 具備

• 硬體加速
• 在storage 內進行, 不經由 ESXi
• Thin Provisioning API ( 實際空間小於宣告的空間 )
• 偵測使用空間, 提醒管理者要增加實際空間
• 實際上應該不用如此, 如果 LUN 空間變大之後, 只要到 datastore 上面設定擴充

About vSphere API for Storage Awareness (VASA)

• Storage Provide
• 確認storage 是否有支援 VAAI 或是相關功能
• 在 storage -- > Manage -- > Storage Providers

-- Class break --

About Virtual Machine Storage Policies

Lab 6: Policy-Based Storage

• 參考 Lab 文件
• Task 1: Add Datastores for Use by Policy-Based Storage
• Task 2: Use vSphere vMotion to Migrate a Virtual Machine to the Gold Datastore
• Task 3: Configure Storage Tags
• Task 4: Create Virtual Machine Storage Policies
• Task 5: Assign Storage Policies to Virtual Machines

Notes

• Storage Policy 要搭配 VASA Storage Provider 的功能, 才能設定裝置上面的 Read 或是 Write 相關條件, 不然只是 Tag  功能, 實際意義不大

Lesson 2: vSphere Storage I/O Control

Automatic Threshold Detection

• 預設 30 ms
• 或是 Throughput 90% 的值

vSphere Storage I/O Control Requirements

• Support Fibre Channel, iSCSI, and NFS
• Raw device (RDM) is not supported
• Does not support datastores with multiple extents. ( VMFS 跨多個 LUN )

Lesson 3: Datastore Clusters and vSphere Storage DRS

Datastore Cluster

• 不是容錯系統
• 一群 datastore 的定義
• 在此範圍內做 Storage DRS

Datastore Cluster Requirements

• 用類似的datastore 組成
• ESXi 必須 5.0 以上
• 不可以跨 data centers ( 考量速度? )

Storage Migration Recommendations

• Executed under the following circumstances
• When the I/O latency threshold is exceeded
• IOPS load history is checked every 8 hours by default
• When the space utilization threshold is exceeded
• checked every 5 mins by default

vSphere Storage DRS Maintenance Mode

• 當 Storage Cluster 內的某個 datastore 進 maintenance mode
• Registered virtual machines ( on or off ) are moved
• Templates, unregistered virtual machines, ISO images, and non-virtual machine files are not moved.

-- 中午休息 --

Lab 7: Managing Datastore Clusters

• 參考 Lab 文件
• Task 1: Create a Datastore Cluster That is enable by vSphere Storage DRS
• Task 2: Evacuate a Datastore Using Datastore Maintenance Mode
• Task 3: Run vSphere Storage DRS and Apply Migration Recommendations
• Task 4: Clean Up for Next Lab

Flash Read Cache ( Web Client  上面顯示 Virtual Flash )

• 插入SSD
• 參考 Slide 7-59 在主機 Manage -- > Setting -- > Virtual Flash, 設定 Flash Read Cache 容量
• 於 VM -- > Edit Settings -- > Hard Disk

Flash Read Cache Limitations

• Support for only locally attached SSDs
• Not compatible with VMware FT
• Cannot share an SSD with Virtual SAN or a VMFS datastore.

Virtual SAN

• ESXi 內建功能
• 另購 License
• 3 ~ 64 Hosts / Cluster
• 只能存 VM 的檔案
• VM  必須套用 VM Storage Policy

Virtual Volumes

• 在 vCenter 上直接管 storage, 需要有 storage provider

-- Class break --

Lab 8: Working with Virtual Volumes

• 參考 Lab 文件
• Task 1: Validate the Storage Endpoint
• Task 2: Create a vSphere Virtual Volumes Datastore Using NAS
• Task 3: Create a vSphere Virtual Volumes Datastore Using iSCSI
• Task 4: Migrate a Virtual Machine to a Virtual Volume

Module 8 Storage Optimization

之後再提到

Module 9 CPU Optimization

LCPU 數量 = Socket 數量 * core數 * HT(2)

CPU Performance Factors

• 如果給 VM 過多的 vCPU
• 浪費
• 閒置或是低使用量, 會造成一直做 CPU Load Balancing
• License

Ready Time

• vCPU 等候可用的LCPU所需的時間, 判斷實體 CPU 數量比率是否足夠

Lesson 2: Monitoring CPU Activity

Notes

• Ready Time 大約等於 Used time 表示 Okay

Lab 10: Monitoring CPU Performance

• 參考 Lab 文件,  先做到 Task 6
• Task 1: Run a Single-Threaded Program in a Single-vCPU Virtual Machine
• Task 2: Start resxtop and Record Baseline Statistics
• Task 3: Configure an Advance Performance Chart and Record Baseline Statistics
• Task 4: Import the CPU-HOG vAPP
• Task 5: Generate CPU Contention
• Task 6: Record Statistics for Case 1: Single Thread and Single vCPU